Prevalência de Doenças Neurológicas em Uma Região Rural do Brasil / Frequency of Neurological Diseases in a Rural Region of Brazil

The World Health Organization recommends identifying the most prevalent diseases in each developing country or region to promote the optimal use of health services. Few studies have analysed the prevalence of neurological diseases in developing countries, especially in tropical regions. This study aims to describe neurological syndromes and tropical neurological diseases encountered in the mid-northern Mato Grosso region of Brazil. This study represents a retrospective, descriptive evaluation of the demographic and clinical data of patients 15 years old above living in the region and analyzing information regarding neurological diagnoses identified in the sample. In 2008, 1,402 patients were referred to neurological consultations. The mean age of the adults was 38 years; the study included slightly more women (52.2%) than men. The most common syndromes were headaches (32.2%) and epilepsy (16.3%). No tropical disease was found in our sample, and according to sanitary authorities, the number of related notifications was lower than the expected for a tropical region. The present study is the only study conducted to date in a rural region of Brazil using outpatient evaluations to define the frequency of neurological diseases. The prevalence of tropical diseases in this region is lower than the expected.

A Organização Mundial de Saúde - OMS recomenda a identificação das doenças mais prevalentes nos países ou regiões em desenvolvimento, a fim de promover melhorias direcionadas nos serviços de saúde locais. Poucos estudos analisam prevalência de doenças neurológicas em países em desenvolvimento, especialmente em regiões tropicais. Este artigo descreve síndromes neurológicas e doenças neurológicas tropicais identificadas na região do Médio Norte de Mato Grosso, Brasil. Trata-se de estudo retrospectivo descritivo, analisando dados clínicos e demográficos de pacientes com mais de 15 anos de idade que moram na região, assim como os diagnósticos neurológicos identificadas na amostra. Em 2008,1,402 pacientes foram encaminhados a consulta neurológica, sendo a média de idade de 38 anos com leve predomínio do sexo feminino (52.2%). Síndromes neurológicas mais frequentes foram cefaleia (32.2%) e epilepsia (16.3%). Nenhuma doença neurológica tropical foi identificada na amostra e, de acordo com dados oficiais da vigilância sanitária local, a notificação destas foi abaixo do esperado para uma área de clima tropical. O presente estudo é a única publicação brasileira com dados coletados em área rural no Brasil, utilizando pacientes acompanhados em ambulatório de neurologia, para definir a frequência de doenças neurológicas, que estão abaixo das taxas esperadas para a região.

Prévalence de la migraine dans une population de travailleurs à Cotonou au Bénin

Introduction La migraine est une affection frequente ayant un important retentissement sur la vie socioprofessionnelle des migraineux. L'objectif de ce travail etait de determiner la prevalence de la migraine dans une population de travailleurs de la ville de Cotonou Cadre et methode Il s'agit d'une etude transversale prospective realisee dans 5 milieux de travail de la ville de Cotonou. Elle a ete menee selon une technique de sondage aleatoire systematique a 3 degres et porte sur 938 travailleurs. Le diagnostic de la migraine etait base sur les criteres IHS de 1988 avec une modification sur la duree ou le nombre des acces (IHS + probable). Resultats La prevalence des cephalees etait de 24;8(IC95: [22;1-27;8]). La prevalence de la migraine etait de 8;9(IC95: [7;2-10;9]) celle de la migraine IHS etant de 2;3; celle de la migraine probable de 6;6. Elle est significativement plus frequente chez les femmes 20;8(p10-7) et chez les cadres superieurs 16;9(p10-5). La migraine sans aura etait la forme la plus frequente (60;7). Conclusion Ces resultats suggerent une frequence de la migraine chez les travailleurs de la ville de Cotonou et imposent d'en etudier l'impact

La Sclérose En Plaques En Mauritanie

Introduction. Caracterisee par une demyelinisation de la substance blanche du systeme nerveux central; la Sclerose en plaques (SEP) se manifeste cliniquement par des tableaux encephaliques et/ ou medullaires subaigus. Il existerait un gradient Nord-Sud dans la repartition de la maladie. Les populations africaines (noires en particulier) et orientales seraient moins atteintes. La Mauritanie; par la diversite ethnique de sa population et sa situation geographique (trait d'union entre ces 2 regions) peut constituer un terrain interessant pour l'etude de cette maladie. De plus l'introduction de l'IRM dans notre pratique medicale depuis juillet 2005; constitue un atout pour le diagnostic de cette affection.Objectif. Presenter des observations de patients mauritaniens dont les tableaux cliniques et les explorations etaient en faveur d'une SEP. Methode. Nous avons selectionne 4 observations de malades hospitalises dans le Service de Neurologie du Centre Neuropsychiatrique de Nouakchott en Mauritanie; en 2005. Apres un examen clinique neurologique; ils avaient beneficie d'une exploration par IRM. Resultats. Le plus jeune de notre serie a 17 ans et le plus age 55 ans. Tous les patients etaient d'ethnie maure; trois etaient de race noire et un etait de race blanche. Tous ont presente des signes fortement evocateurs de SEP. Nous avons observe une forme d'emblee progressive; deux formes remittentes; et une premiere poussee chez une jeune fille. Les resultats de l'IRM cerebrale chez les 4 patients et de l'IRM medullaire chez trois patients ont montre des plaques de demyelinisation. Un seul patient pu avoir l'electrophorese des proteines du LCR qui a permis de montrer une distribution oligoclonale

Risk factors for epilepsy in rural Lao PDR: a case-control study.

The objective of this study was to assess the major etiologic categories of epilepsy in a rural district of the Lao PDR. Thirty-one newly identified patients with confirmed active epilepsy were compared with 124 controls, matched for gender, age and village residence. Risk factors for epilepsy were investigated with particular focus on cysticercosis serology. A history of head trauma (OR=4.7, p=0.05), family history of epilepsy (OR=12.8, p=0.03), and the use of human feces to fertilize domestic vegetable gardens (OR=4.9, p=0.04) were significantly associated with epilepsy. The study did not confirm any direct relation between epilepsy and cysticercosis serology. The cysticercosis seroprevalence was nil in the epilepsy group. This is the first study in the Lao PDR on epilepsy risk factors representing important data for the subregion. Parasitic, environmental, and behavioral factors of this traditional population deserve further studies to explain the missing link between epilepsy and cysticercosis.